Biological activities and hairy roots induction of Abutilon indicum (L.)

Abstract

Abutilon indicum L. belonging to Malvaceae is used as traditional medicinal herbs to treat syphilis, hypoglycemia, hepatic disorders, and malaria... Because of the medicinal value of A. indicum, the aims of this study are the evaluation of bioactivities of A. indicum and production of transformed hairy root for pharmaceutical production. In this study, the reducing power of ethanol root extract and stem extract are higher than that of leave. The root extract exhibited potent brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality with LC50 37.04 μg/mL. The α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the root extract are the highest. These results showed that roots are higher bioactivities than stems and leaves. This study induced successfully hairy roots of A. indicum L. via Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834 in the plant cells. The frequency of hairy root and number of hairy root induction from the wounded sites of leaves are the highest (88.66 % and 8.66 roots). The stable introduction of the rolB and rolC genes of A. rhizogenes strain 15834 into A. indicum plants was confirmed by PCR analysis. Besides, the absence of the virD gene confirmed hairy roots as a bacteria-free. Subsequently, these results demonstrated that A. indicum, particularly the roots, have great potential as pharmacological values and hairy root production maybe used for pharmaceutical sources.